Fasting is one of the five pillars of Islam. It is an act of obedience and submission to Allah's commands through the highest degree of commitment, sincerity and faithfulness to seek Allah's mercy, to atone for sins, errors, and mistakes and to avoid condemnation to Hell.
It is done out of deep love for God, with a genuine virtue of devotion, honest dedication and closeness to Allah, for Fasting is for Allah and Him alone.
The fasting during Ramadan is obligatory on every adult, sane, and able Muslim.
Denial of the obligatory nature of fasting in the month of Ramadan amounts to disbelief.
One who avoids fasting without genuine reasons is a sinner and transgressor according to Islamic law.
Fasting in Islam involves abstinence from three primal physical needs of human beings- food, drink, and sexual intercourse from dawn (approximately one and a half hours before sunrise) to sunset during the entire month of Ramadan. Muslims all over the world observe the annual fast during the daylight hours of Ramadan, the ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar, in keeping with a divine commandment documented in Chapter 2, Verse 185 of the Holy Qur'an. Furthermore, Allah states, "O you who believe, fasting has been prescribed for you as it has been prescribed to those before you in order that you may attain
"O you who believe! Fasting is prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you, that you may become God-fearing." (The Quran, 2:183)
The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever fasts during Ramadan with faith and seeking his reward from Allah will have his past sins forgiven. Whoever prays during the nights in Ramadan with faith and seeking his reward from Allah will have his past sins forgiven. And he who passes Lailat al-Qadr in prayer with faith and seeking his reward from Allah will have his past sins forgiven (Bukhari, Muslim).
Ramadan ends with a day long celebration known as Eidul-Fitr. Eidul-Fitr begins with a special morning prayer in grand Mosques and open grounds of towns and cities of the world. the prayer is attended by men, women and children with their new or best clothes. A special charity, known as Zakatul-Fitr is given out prior to the prayer. The rest of the day is spent in visiting relatives and friends, giving gifts to children and eating.
HOW TO FASTING
NIAT (NIAH)
To observe the fast, the intention of fasting is essential (Wajib). The intention should be made daily, preferably before dawn of each day of fasting (in Ramadan).
Provision is made if someone has forgotten to express his intention before dawn. In such a case one is allowed to express intention of fasting before noon to avoid the invalidation of the fast.
The wording of Niyyah may be as follows:
To observe the fast, the intention of fasting is essential (Wajib). The intention should be made daily, preferably before dawn of each day of fasting (in Ramadan).
Provision is made if someone has forgotten to express his intention before dawn. In such a case one is allowed to express intention of fasting before noon to avoid the invalidation of the fast.
The wording of Niyyah may be as follows:
Nawaitu shauma ghadin an aada'i fardli syahri ramadana hadzihi as-sanati fardal lillahi ta'ala
"I intend to observe fast for today."
"I intend to observe fast for today."
IFTAR
Iftar is an Arabic term meaning breaking the fast immediately after the sunset.?Iftar is a light snack consisting of dates or desserts, along with liquids, such as water, juice or milk.?
This is eaten after making the following Dua (supplication) for breaking the fast:
"Oh Allah!? I fasted for your sake and I am breaking my fast from the sustenance You blessed me with, accept it from me."
This is eaten after making the following Dua (supplication) for breaking the fast:
"Oh Allah!? I fasted for your sake and I am breaking my fast from the sustenance You blessed me with, accept it from me."
TARAWIH
These are special Sunnah prayers in the month of Ramadan.?They follow the Isha prayers.? A minimum of eight and a maximum of twenty Rakat are offered in pairs of two.
What breaks the fast
- Intentional consumption of food, drink, medicine, or smoking during the fasting.
- Any injection which has some nutritional value.
- Beginning of menstruation or post natal birth bleeding (even in the last moment of sunset).
The conditions mentioned above invalidate fasting and require "Qada" (making up only the missed day or days).?However, intentional intercourse during the hours of fasting invalidates fasting and not only requires "Qada" but also additional penalty (Kaffara-see the explanation of this below).
What does not break the fast
- Eating or drinking by mistake, unmindful of the fast.
- Unintentional vomiting.
- Swallowing things which are not possible to avoid, such as one's own saliva, street dust, smoke, etc.
- Brushing the teeth.
- Bathing: if water is swallowed unintentionally, it does not invalidate the fast.?However, while fasting gargling should be avoided.
- Injection or I/V (Intravenous) which is solely medicinal and not nutritional.
- In some special circumstances if the food or drink is just tasted and immediately removed out of the mouth without allowing it to enter into the throat.
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